A tort is a wrongful act or an infringement of a right (other than under contract) leading to a civil legal liability. 

One example of a tort is a car crash. The other driver may not have intended to hit you but due to either inattention or failure to obey highway laws or some other reason, they may have crashed into you infringing your right to the roadway. This is a negligent tort.

Another example is if someone punches you - a battery. This is an intentional tort.

What are the 3 types of torts?

The three main types of torts are negligence, strict liability, and intentional torts.

What is an example of a tort?

Negligent Tort

Examples of negligence torts include – automobile accidents, professional malpractice (medical, legal, accounting, engineering, etc.), dog bites, bicycle collisions, etc. Generally, any situation where another person or entity may have caused or contributed to any injury.

Strict Liability Tort

Examples of strict liability include claims like product liability, vaccine injury and premises liability.

Intentional Tort

Examples of intentional torts include things like assault and battery (fighting).

What about 'Tort Reform'?

So, when you hear of TORT Reform – think, someone is looking to reform the law because they don’t like being accountable for their own actions and responsibilities. Not surprisingly – most of the Tort Reform advocates and supporters are insurance companies and major business interests. And, instead of changing their behavior, they want to change the law and take away your rights.

Recently, “Tort Reform” advocates were successful in changing many of Louisiana’s laws to make it more difficult, costly, and burdensome to hold others accountable for their own negligence in an effort to “reduce costs” and “save money.”  Now that they've tasted some victory after years of trying, we can bet they are not done in continuing to take away more of your rights to be made whole.

And while tort reform “advocates” have many statistics (you know what they say about statistics – “lies, damn lies, and statistics”), here are a couple of things to keep in mind:

  • A Forbes (you know – the business magazine famous for identifying the 400 richest people in the world) contributor once said the devil’s “second greatest trick may be the insurance industry’s success in getting more than half the states to implement tort reform."
  • A 2017 National Institutes of Health study on tort reform in Texas (passed 15 years earlier), found “reforming the malpractice environment has largely insignificant economic implications..”
  • And here's the kicker! After extensive campaigning on the basis of reducing car insurance rates in Louisiana and AFTER the tort reform bill was signed into law in 2020, Jeff Albright, head of the Independent Insurance Agents & Brokers of Louisiana admitted that the law would do nothing to reduce insurance rates. It was all a "strategy" to help big business at the expense of the consumer.

    Jeff Albright said that Louisiana's rates will most likely go UP now that the reform laws have passed.

    Lowering auto insurance rates really wasn’t the point of the tort reform legislation signed into law, Albright said. After years of trying to pass bills that would limit the ability of individuals seeking compensation from injuries through the courts, tort reformers took a different tack.

“Strategically, we did something different this year in pressing forward on tort reform,” Albright told the panel meeting on a video conference. “Historically, we’ve talked about tort reform from the perspective of ‘we need to improve the business environment, and tort reform is an important part of improving the business environment.’ We all get that.

“But it is not really an issue that is going to excite Joe Six-Pack to call their legislator and press for tort reform. And so, the change in strategy was we kind of tied tort reform to automobile insurance this time.”

Is someone referring to you as "Joe Six-Pack" really looking out for your best interests?

While everyone can agree that Louisiana’s insurance rates are high and we all would welcome relief, giving up your rights isn’t the way to do it, and turns out won’t lower insurance rates at all.

In fact, car insurance rates in Louisiana have steadily increased since the tort reform bill was passed in 2020.

Look, as a Louisiana citizen, a taxpayer, and a business owner, I hate the high cost of insurance and the litigation-first mentality of so many. But, I see – from the front lines, every day – the devastating effects “tort reform” has and continues to cause! Consider this:

  • If you are injured due to someone else’s negligence – resulting in you losing a limb or losing a life.  What would that be worth?
    • In an incident with an 18-wheeler – it’s worth what the evidence and your community members (jury) say it’s worth.
    • In a medical malpractice action – it’s worth what the evidence and your community members say it’s worth – unless it’s worth more than $500,000 because that is the arbitrary cap on general damages in these cases (which has not changed in almost 30 years)!  Once you add up a lifetime of medical bills, treatment, and lost work, that number isn’t as big as it seems and certainly doesn’t go as far as it did 30 years ago.
  • What about if a company fails to have a policy to check its floor for hazards and you slip and fall in a hazardous substance causing you to require multiple back surgeries?
    • If the slip-and-fall happens at a hospital or casino or even a government building or school, you play by one set of rules and laws.
    • If the slip-and-fall happens at your grocery store, department store, restaurant, or other “merchant”, you play by a completely different set of rules and laws designed to make it virtually impossible to receive compensation for your injuries.
  • And this is most infuriating to me – the advocates of these reforms cannot say with any certainty that by removing your rights, you will actually see a benefit in the form of cheaper costs!!!!

Current tort reform advocates want to put a cap on all commercial vehicle accidents at the same level it was set for medical malpractice cases 30 years ago!  They further argue courts are so over-stressed with “frivolous” lawsuits, they cannot operate properly. However, studies indicate civil filings have decreased by almost 50% since 2010 in some states, and tort cases (those primarily filed by individuals against a business or insurance company) only account for about 4% of civil cases!

It’s not about lawyers “getting rich.” Everyone deserves the right to recover their medical expenses and lost wages after a serious car accident. You should not lose everything you have worked your whole life for just because someone was distracted on the road.

I encourage all of you to look deeper into any tort reform efforts.  Look specifically at who is funding these efforts (hint: it’s not consumer advocates looking out for your best interests).  And, make your voice heard by calling or writing your state representative and letting them know your stance on these measures designed to take away your rights – often at a time when you need them the most!

Loyd J. Bourgeois
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Accident, injury, and disability attorney serving Luling, Metairie, New Orleans, and South Louisiana